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Stress Evaluation of Lower Limbs with Hip Osteoarthritis and Hip Arthroplasty

Abdul Halim Abdullah1,2 and Mitsugu Todo3
1.Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, 816 8580, Kasuga Japan
2.Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
3.Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, 816 8580, Kasuga, Japan
Abstract—Stress shielding and bone remodeling effects are critical issues in promoting long term stability of Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). Stress shielding occurs when the femur experiences less stress after the presence of the prosthesis stem. In this study, biomechanical evaluations of lower limbs are established using the finite element method in corresponding to stress distributions. Lower limbs CT images of 64 years old female with hip osteoarthritis (OA) are used in developing three dimensional inhomogenous models. To represent THA limb, the left femur with hip OA problem was cut off and a prosthesis stem was implanted. The results show different stress distribution of lower limbs with OA and THA. Stress is defined to be concentrated at stiffer prosthesis stem while femur experienced less stress. The proximal region of femur is leading to stress shielding effects. Furthermore, gait instability is projected to occur based on the stress variation adaptation between operated and non-operated femur.

Index Terms—lower limbs, hip osteoarthritis, hip arthroplasty, stress shielding, stress adaptation

Cite: Abdul Halim Abdullah and Mitsugu Todo, "Stress Evaluation of Lower Limbs with Hip Osteoarthritis and Hip Arthroplasty," Journal of Medical and Bioengineering, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 100-104, April 2015. Doi: 10.12720/jomb.4.2.100-104
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