The Role of Urinary Cadmium and Lead Level on Pregnant Women Renal Function
Adjar Wibowo1, Firrar Artmi Rahaju2, Rizky Taufan Firdaus2,3
, and Eko Suhartono4,5
1.Obstetry and Gynecology Department Ulin General Hospital / Faculty of Medicine Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
2.Mutiara Bunda Mother and Child Hospital, Martapura, Indonesia
3.Reserch Unit on Maternal and Perinatal Mutiara Bunda Mother and Child Hospital, Martapura, Indonesia
4.Environmental Science and Technology Graduate Program, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
5.Medical Chemistry/Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
2.Mutiara Bunda Mother and Child Hospital, Martapura, Indonesia
3.Reserch Unit on Maternal and Perinatal Mutiara Bunda Mother and Child Hospital, Martapura, Indonesia
4.Environmental Science and Technology Graduate Program, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
5.Medical Chemistry/Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Abstract—Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are heavy metals which used in many industry and were confirmed as environmental toxin and mainly effects reproductive system and toxic to growing fetus. Determination of cadmium and lead level generally measure by spectrophotometric methods. But in this study, we used a method based on approach adjusting specific gravity. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of cadmium and lead exposure on pregnancy outcome by measuring their correlation on renal function. This study was performed between January to May 2013 and targeted 57 pregnant women as the control group (32 patients of normal pregnancy) and case group (25 patients of preeclampsia). For analyzing of the data, SPSS software version 17 was used and was examined by Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation test. We found that there are significant correlation between Cd an Pb exposure on urea level, urea-creatinine ratio, and GFR of the pregnancy patients (p < 0,05) but unlike to the creatinine serum.
Index Terms—Preeclampsia, urea-creatinine ratio, glomerular filtration rate, specific gravity
Cite: Adjar Wibowo, Firrar Artmi Rahaju, Rizky Taufan Firdaus, and Eko Suhartono, "The Role of Urinary Cadmium and Lead Level on Pregnant Women Renal Function", Journal of Medical and Bioengineering, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 55-58, March 2014. Doi: 10.12720/jomb.3.1.55-58
Index Terms—Preeclampsia, urea-creatinine ratio, glomerular filtration rate, specific gravity
Cite: Adjar Wibowo, Firrar Artmi Rahaju, Rizky Taufan Firdaus, and Eko Suhartono, "The Role of Urinary Cadmium and Lead Level on Pregnant Women Renal Function", Journal of Medical and Bioengineering, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 55-58, March 2014. Doi: 10.12720/jomb.3.1.55-58
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